In Hellenic Mythology the myths associated with Scorpio almost invariably also contain a reference to Orion. Orion (Ὠρίων) was a famed hunter who has a lot of mythology to his name. He is the son of Poseidon and has the ability to walk on water. It is said that he once, when drunk, tried to force himself upon Merope, the daughter of Oenopion and was blinded and exiled because of it. Hēlios eventually healed his injury and restored his eyesight. After a failed vengeance attempt, Orion came to Krete and begun to hunt with Artemis. According to Hyginus' Astromomica, this eventually lead to his downfall:
"Orion since he used to hunt, [...] felt
confident that he was most skilled of all in that pursuit, said even to Diana
[Artemis] and Latona that he was able to kill anything the produced. Earth
[Gaea], angered at this, sent the scorpion which is said to have killed him.
Jove [Zeus], however, admiring the courage of both, put the scorpion among the
stars, as a lesson to men not to be too self-confident. Diana, then, because of
her affection for Orion, asked Jove to show to her request the same favour he
had given of his own accord to Earth. And so the constellation was established
in such a way that when Scorpion rises, Orion sets." [2.26]
In this scenario, the Scorpion was admitted into the heavens as well, along with his hunting pack and his greatest hunt: the Lepus the hare. In some old descriptions the constellation of Libra is treated as the Scorpion's claws. Libra was known as the Claws of the Scorpion. Hyginus makes the connection between the scorpion and the scales best:
"This sign is divided into two parts on account
of the great spread of the claws. One part of it our writers have called the
Balance." [II. 26]
The constellation Scorpio is visible at latitudes between +40° and −90° and best visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of July.
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